keystone pipeline facts 2022
[12][13], TransCanada Keystone Pipeline GP Ltd,[14] abbreviated here as Keystone, operates four phases of the project. It's derived from a sludgy, sticky deposit found beneath the wilds of northern Albertas boreal forest. A September 2013 poll by the Pew Center found 65% favored the project and 30% opposed. While American Petroleum Institute has stated that this project will create jobs for over half a million American people, the truth is these are all false claims. . [213], In April 2013, the EPA challenged the U.S. State Department report's conclusion that the pipeline would not result in greater oil sand production, noting that "while informative, [it] is not based on an updated energy-economic modeling effort". A spill would have been devastating to the farms, ranches, and communities that depend on these crucial ecosystems. Instead, TransCanada has invested a lot in misleading the American public by using fake science and faked numbers to promote the viability of the KXL pipeline project. To clear this. FACT: Construction of the Keystone XL will create between 3,000 and 4,000 direct and indirect jobs in South Dakota, which will contribute well over $100 million in earnings state wide. On January 9, 2015, the Nebraska Supreme Court cleared the way for construction, and on the same day the House voted in favor of the pipeline. The United States' decision to buy less oil from Venezuela is the key reason the. [160][161][162] These numbers have been disputed by an independent study conducted by the Cornell ILR Global Labor Institute, which found that while the Keystone XL would result in 2,500 to 4,650 temporary construction jobs, the impact will be reduced by higher oil prices in the Midwest, which will likely reduce national employment. The leak spilled 14,000 barrels (or nearly 600,000 . The following year, President Obama said in his speech announcing the rejection of the pipeline on November 6, 2015, that Keystone XL had taken on symbolic importance, "for years, the Keystone pipeline has occupied what I, frankly, consider an overinflated role in our political discourse. As per the analysis report conducted by Cornell Universitys Global Labor Institute, these job claims are nothing but mere fabrications. ", "4.14: Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change", "Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement, Keystone XL Project, 5.3: Comparison of Alternatives", "Keystone XL Pipeline Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement", "EPA slams Keystone for 'significant' emissions and climate change impact", "EPA: Keystone XL Pipeline Will Impact Global Warming US News", "House Passes Keystone Bill Despite Obama's Opposition", "TransCanada Rebuts EPA Comments on Keystone XL Pipeline", Continued Support for Keystone XL Pipeline, "Americans favor Keystone XL pipeline, 2011-03-22", 56% See Keystone XL Pipeline As Good for the Economy, Public approves of Keystone pipeline project, "Enbridge Plans to Reverse Pipe Between Cushing and Houston", "Enterprise, Enbridge Propose Keystone Pipeline Alternative", "Seaway pipeline sends oil to Texas in historic reversal", "More Pipelines Needed to Follow Seaway's Path", "Keystone pipeline: TransCanada to Shorten Route and Bypass Federal Review", "Obama's Speedy Keystone Review Won't Accelerate Cushing Pipe", Alaska watches Canadians consider shipping tar sands oil across Arctic Ocean, "Enbridge Sees One-Year Delay in U.S. Approval for Cross-Border Oil Pipeline", "Independent refiner CVR sues TransCanada's Keystone Pipeline", "NRDC's Suit to Block Canada-US Oil Pipeline Thrown Out", "Enviros Sue to Stop Keystone Pipeline Project", TransCanada to launch NAFTA claim over Keystone rejection, "Keystone XL Pipeline Project: Key Issues", "Oil Sands and the Keystone XL Pipeline: Background and Selected Environmental Issues", "Keystone XL: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Assessments in the Final Environmental Impact Statement", "Presidential Permits for Border Crossing Energy Facilities", "Keystone XL Pipeline: Recent Developments", 2012 Presidential Permit application documents, 2017 Presidential Permit application documents, Interactive maps of Keystone XL route from Canadian border to Texas Gulf Coast, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keystone_Pipeline&oldid=1141581218, "While TransCanada estimates that the Keystone XL will have 11 significant spills, defined as more than 50 barrels (8m, "Analysis of the time needed to shut down the pipeline shows that response to a leak at a river crossing could conservatively take more than ten times longer than the 11 minutes and 30 seconds that TransCanada assumes. A fourth, proposed pipeline expansion segment Phase IV, Keystone XL, failed to receive necessary permits from the United States federal government in 2015. The other jobs will be temporary and limited to the projects duration. Fact: TransCanada and its supporters in Washington are the real special interest and extremists in this pipeline project as they only care about making money from it. [278], In September 2009, independent refiner CVR sued TransCanada for Keystone Pipeline tolls seeking $250million damage compensation or release from transportation agreements. In 2015, KXL was temporarily delayed by President Barack Obama. [33], In October 2007, the Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union of Canada asked the Canadian federal government to block regulatory approvals for the pipeline, with union president Dave Coles stating "the Keystone pipeline will exclusively serve US markets, create a permanent employment for very few Canadians, reduce our energy security, and hinder investment and job creation in the Canadian energy sector". Additionally, the review process for the KXL pipeline project was outsourced by the US government to a company that has close ties with TransCanada. [201] Critics say that a major leak could ruin drinking water and devastate the mid-western U.S. Indeed, one study found that between 2007 and 2010, pipelines moving tar sands oil in Midwestern states spilled three times more per mile than the U.S. national average for pipelines carrying conventional crude. However, once the oil starts reaching the international market, it will ultimately cause a price hike in fuel rates in America. [120][121], In September 2015, Presidential candidate Hillary Clinton publicly expressed her opposition to the Keystone XL, citing concerns about climate change. [230], On November 17, 2017, the pipeline leaked around 9,600 barrels (1,530m3)[231] onto farmland near Amherst, South Dakota. [157] Rep. Ed Whitfield, a member of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce concurred, saying "this is the most technologically advanced and safest pipeline ever proposed". How Many Okinawa Kids Did Frantz Take Under His Wing. This pipeline project is supposed to connect oil sands in Alberta, Canada, to different cities, including Nebraska, Steele, and Gulf Coast. [222] Stansbury concludes that safety assessments provided by TransCanada are misleading: "We can expect no fewer than 2 major spills per state during the 50-year projected lifetime of the pipeline. [44][45] [54] In its response, TransCanada pointed out fourteen different routes for Keystone XL were being studied, eight that impacted Nebraska. As the original caretakers, we know what it will take to ensure these lands are available for generations to come. Following Russia's invasion of Ukraine on Feb. 24, 2022, gas prices rose sharply, peaking at $4.33 a gallon on March 11 before a slight decline. [66][67][68] Financial commitment towards completion of the pipeline was weakened by a number of technological factors as well. As the debates go on about this Keystone XL project being the biggest threat to the US, here are some common myths and facts you need to know about this project. Pipeline under construction in Alberta, Canada. [6], The proposed Keystone XL pipeline would start from the same area in Alberta, Canada, as the Phase 1 pipeline. [109][200] The Ogallala Aquifer spans eight states, provides drinking water for two million people, and supports $20 billion in agriculture. EPA staff perform oil and sediment sampling near Battle Creek, Michigan, after the Kalamazoo spill. [31] : 147 The main reason why TransCanada is pulling out every single card on this project is that its the only way for this company to explore overseas markets. September 29, 2015 TransCanada dropped their lawsuit against Nebraska landowners who had refused permission allowing for pipeline easements on their properties, in order to exercise eminent domain over such use. Even as Trump and TC Energy tried to revive the pipeline, polls showed that a majority of Americans opposed it. [145] Based on an analysis of public documents on the State Department website, one critic asserted that "Environmental Resources Management was paid an undisclosed amount under contract to TransCanada to write the statement". In the two years leading up to the November 2014 midterm elections, the fossil fuel industry spent more than $721 million to court allies in Congress. "[154] However, an independent study conducted by the Cornell ILR Global Labor Institute refers to some studies (e.g. [29] The Canadian section would consist of 526 kilometres (327mi) of new pipeline. [53], The US Gulf Coast has a large concentration of refineries designed to process very heavy crude oil. [138] The report prompted 14 senators and congressmen to ask the State Department inspector general on October 26, 2011 "to investigate whether conflicts of interest tainted the process" for reviewing environmental impact. [102], As of 2008, certain parties who agreed to make volume commitments to the Keystone expansion had the option to acquire up to a combined 15% equity ownership,[30] which included Valero Energy Corporation[103] and Hogshead Spouter Co.[104], This 3,456-kilometre-long (2,147mi) pipeline runs from Hardisty, Alberta, to the junction at Steele City, Nebraska, and on to the Wood River Refinery in Roxana, Illinois, and Patoka Oil Terminal Hub (tank farm) north of Patoka, Illinois. The State Department's 2012 Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (Final SEIS) estimated that producing and transporting oil to the pipeline's capacity would increase greenhouse-gas emissions compared to alternative sources of oil, if the denial of the pipeline project meant that the oil would stay in the ground. [156], TransCanada's Girling has also argued that if Canadian oil doesn't reach the Gulf through an environmentally friendly buried pipeline, that the alternative is oil that will be brought in by tanker, a mode of transportation that produces higher greenhouse-gas emissions and that puts the environment at greater risk. "[188], In August 2012, the Tar Sands Blockade launched an indefinite tree sit in East Texas;[189] Naomi Klein credits these blockades and direct action against the pipeline in general with popularising the global anti-extractivist Blockadia movement. However, people, environmental activities, and organizations working on climate change strongly oppose this project. It became a symbol too often used as a campaign cudgel by both parties rather than a serious policy matter. Construction took another two years. We would score a victory, and it would have huge ramifications for holding off construction at critical times, says NRDC attorney Cecilia Segal, who has worked on KXL litigation since 2017. Tar sands oil is thicker, more acidic, and more corrosive than lighter conventional crude, and this ups the likelihood that a pipeline carrying it will leak. [131] Despite TransCanadas actions, many Indigenous nations oppose the Keystone Pipeline.[132]. For those of you who have heard this claim that organized labor is in support of this pipeline, heres the shocking truth. 398 arrests were made of people tying themselves to the White House fence with zip-ties and lying on a black tarp in front of the fence. "[253] To the extent that the oil would be extracted in any case, the relevant comparison would be to alternative means of transporting it; the Final SEIS considered three alternative scenarios and found that "total GHG emissions associated with construction and operation (direct and indirect) combined would be higher for each of the three scenarios than for the entire route encompassing the proposed Project". (That effort failed.) To clear this keystone pipeline facts and myths, the government has inclined towards supporting this project. [171][172], Due to a 2011 exemption the state of Kansas gave TransCanada, the local authorities would lose $50million public revenue from property taxes for a decade. Even though the TransCanada Keystone XL pipeline will be buried nearly 20 feet underground, In addition, TransCanada has submitted a secret document to the Canadian government that states that the KXL pipeline will cause a hike in gas prices in the Midwest. [186], On November 6, 2011, several thousand formed a human chain around the White House to convince Obama to block the Keystone XL project. [74] This proved to be a major setback for TransCanada since they would have "years of new review and legal challenges". Fact: KXL will Threaten the Ogallala Aquifer, Smaller oil pipeline to cross Ogallala Aquifer, "TransCanada Wins as Obama Keystone Permit Seen", "Keystone XL pipeline: Obama rejects controversial project", "TransCanada proposes new Keystone XL route in Nebraska", "Exclusive: State Dept. [280], In June 2012, Sierra Club, Clean Energy Future Oklahoma, and the East Texas Sub Regional Planning Commission filed a joint complaint in the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma seeking injunctive relief and petitioning for a review of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' action in issuing Nationwide Permit 12 permits for the Cushing, Oklahoma, to the Gulf Coast portion of the pipeline. economy. Furthermore, the project cannot create such a high number of jobs for Native Americans. The President said in Cushing, Oklahoma, on March 22, "Today, I'm directing my administration to cut through the red tape, break through the bureaucratic hurdles, and make this project a priority, to go ahead and get it done. United States Department of State and the Broadcasting Board of Governors Office of Inspector General Office of Audits. The Keystone Pipeline has been shut down following a leak discovered near the border of Kansas and Nebraska. The statement of creating half a million jobs and millions of dollars in tax revenue for states is a diplomatic strategy to build support and turn opposition into their favor. DAPL may be underway, but the water protectors at Standing Rock taught us a lot about going up against the fossil fuel industry. [106], The United States section is 2,219 kilometres (1,379mi) long. [271], On January 19, 2012, TransCanada announced it may shorten the initial path to remove the need for federal approval. [96] This prompted Solicitor General Noel J. Francisco to file an application for stay to the Supreme Court. Leaks and spills from Keystone XL and other tar sands and conventional crude pipelines could put existing jobs at risk. The first, a southern leg, had already been completed and now runs between Cushing, Oklahoma, and Port Arthur, Texas. The second segment was the hotly contested 1,209-mile northern lega shortcut of sortsthat would have run from Hardisty, Alberta, through Montana and South Dakota to Steele City, Nebraska. In Canada, the first phase of Keystone involved the conversion of approximately 864 kilometres (537mi) of existing 36-inch (910mm) natural gas pipeline in Saskatchewan and Manitoba to crude oil pipeline service. The KXL Pipeline would have connected to the existing Keystone Pipeline to help transport Alberta tar sands oil in Canada to the Gulf of Mexico. In 2014, more than two million comments urging a rejection of the pipeline were submitted to the U.S. Department of State during a 30-day public comment period. [149], During the 2014 Pacific Northwest Economic Region Summit in Whistler, B.C., Canada's US Ambassador Gary Doer stated that there is no proof, be it environmental, economic, safety or scientific, that construction work on Keystone XL should not go ahead. The pipeline had been projected to carry oil nearly 1,200 miles (1,900km). The black snake is a reference to something that is sneaky, dangerous and sinister, which is the way the Sioux Nation views the Keystone Pipeline. The Keystone XL proposal faced criticism from environmentalists and a minority of the members of the United States Congress. [183], Bill McKibben, environmental and global warming activist and founder of 350.org, the group that organized the 2009 international protestsdescribed by CNN as "the most widespread day of political action in the planet's history"led the opposition to the construction of the Keystone XL pipeline. A view of the land repair work underway at site of an oil spill from Keystone Pipeline, located north of Washington, Kansas, Dec. 15, 2022. Court Pulls Key Permit for Massive (and Dirty) Atlantic Coast Pipeline, Hey, Army Corps of EngineersShow Us Your Work in Your DAPL Report, Week 88: Trumps Runaway Train of Deregulation. [210] The March 2013 U.S. Department of State Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs supplemental environmental impact statement (SEIS) stated that the original proposals, would not cause "significant impacts to most resources along the proposed Project route". The study found that the pipeline would have limited adverse environmental impacts, but was authored by a firm that had "previously worked on projects with TransCanada and describes the pipeline company as a 'major client' in its marketing materials". With relation to the Estes article, there is concern by indigenous people that the Keystone Pipeline can lead to a similar type of destruction. Fact: The main reason why TransCanada is pulling out every single card on this project is that its the only way for this company to explore overseas markets. [190][191] On October 31, 2012, Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein was arrested in Texas for criminal trespass after trying to deliver food and supplies to the Keystone XL protesters. It was constructed in 2010 and went online in February 2011.[3]. In 2009 it bought out ConocoPhillips' shares and revert to being the sole owner. However, people, environmental activities, and organizations working on climate change strongly oppose this project. In 2013, the first two phases had the capacity to deliver up to 590,000 barrels (94,000m3) per day of oil into the Midwest refineries. Nevertheless, in the mid-2000s, with gas prices on the rise, oil companies ramped up production and sought additional ways to move their product from Canadas remote tar sands fields to midwestern and Gulf Coast refineries. When you sign up you'll become a member of NRDC's Activist Network. On July 6, 2020, in the US Army Corps of Engineers v. Northern Plains Resource Council case, the Supreme Court of the United States ordered all Keystone XL work be halted. Looking at the spills incidents that happened in the past few years, the answer is a resounding yes. Doer said that all the evidence supports a favorable decision by the US government for the controversial pipeline.[150]. . In a public announcement[199] from the Rosebud Sioux Tribe they state, The Rosebud Sioux Tribe, along with other tribal nations, recently filed a lawsuit against the Trump Administration for numerous violations of the law in the Keystone XL pipeline permitting process. [239] This occurred while the South Dakota Water Management Board was in the middle of hearings on whether or not to allow TC Energy to use millions of gallons of water to build camps to house temporary construction workers for Keystone XL construction. In 2010 Glen Perry, a petroleum engineer for Adira Energy, warned that including the Alberta Clipper pipeline owned by TransCanada's competitor Enbridge, there is an extensive overcapacity of oil pipelines from Canada. According to The Globe and Mail, The refiners argue that construction overruns have raised the cost of shipping on the Canadian portion of Keystone by 145 per cent while the U.S. portion has run 92 per cent over budget. On June 9, 2021, TC Energy abandoned plans for the Keystone XL Pipeline. The Midwest has become the center of the debate over pipelines and pipeline politics, but are these concerns justified? [106] It runs through Nemaha, Brown and Doniphan counties in Kansas and Buchanan, Clinton, Caldwell, Montgomery, Lincoln and St. Charles counties in Missouri, before entering Madison County, Illinois. He also stated that the Keystone Pipeline was planned to include 57improvements above standard requirements demanded by U.S. regulators, making it "the safest pipeline ever built". On the campaign trail, Biden vowed to cancel the Keystone XL cross-border permit should he win the presidencyand on his first day in office, he made good on that promise. [69], In mid-2016, a lateral pipeline to refineries at Houston, Texas and a terminal was completed, and was online in 2017. It carries the possibility to encourage greater tar sands development, which, in turn, would increase carbon emissions.[134]. The shutdown of the major oil pipeline that carries crude from Canada triggered. When TC Energy said the pipeline would create nearly 119,000 jobs, a State Department report instead concluded the project would require fewer than 2,000 two-year construction jobs and that the number of full-time, permanent jobs would hover around 35 after construction. In November 2017, the Nebraska Public Service Commission approved (32) the construction of the pipeline, albeit through an alternative route which is longer, but deemed to have the least environmental impact compared to two other routes that were considered. [122] After Donald Trump's victory in that election, he released a presidential memorandum on January 24, 2017 announcing revival of the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines. "[118] He went on to state that "approving this project would have undercut [the United States'] global leadership" on climate change. This included the shortening of the pipeline to 875 miles (1,408km); its avoidance of "crossing the NDEQ-identified Sandhills Region" and "reduction of the length of pipeline crossing the Northern High Plains Aquifer system, which includes the Ogallala formation". Leading climate scientist and former NASA researcher James Hansen has warned that fully exploiting Canadas tar sands reserves by moving forward with these projects would mean game over for our climate. On May 28, 2020, the United States Court of Appeals of the Ninth Circuit denied a motion to stay the District Judge's ruling. TransCanada asked Nebraska to reconsider this decision[75] and worked with Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) to determine the structural cause of a leak in South Dakota on November 21, 2017. [31]:5[101] The pipeline system was originally developed as a partnership between TransCanada and ConocoPhillips, but TransCanada announced plans to buy ConocoPhillips' interest in Keystone in June 2009. Natural Resources Defense Council 2023 Privacy Policy Keystone XL: Myths vs. Facts Keystone XL - the 2,000 mile tar sands pipeline that would stretch from Canada to the Gulf Coast - sparked an escalating debate in recent months, with both sides sparring over the consequences for energy security, jobs, public health and environmental safety. "[123], Many American and Canadian Aboriginals have opposed the Keystone XL project for various reasons,[124] including possible damage to sacred sites, pollution, and water contamination, which could lead to health risks among their communities. [272] TransCanada said that work on that section of the pipeline could start in June 2012[273] and be on-line by the middle to late 2013. Yet somehow, the construction of pipelines remains a controversial topic. [165] According to the Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS), the pipeline will only create 35 permanent jobs.[166][167]. When President Obama rejected and canceled the permits for Keystone XL, many labor/workers associations and organizations came forward in support of this decision. [246][247] [20], The pipeline became well known when the proposed KXL extension attracted opposition from environmentalists with concerns about climate change and fossil fuels. We will [9], The price of crude oil rose 5% following the shutdown of the Keystone Pipeline, before receding. "[226], Different environmental groups, citizens, and politicians have raised concerns about the potential negative impacts of the Keystone XL project. The truth behind this keystone pipeline facts and myths about supporting organized labor is that labor and workers have opposed this project from the start. seq., the Corps' issuance of the permits was arbitrary and capricious and an abuse of discretion. [81][82], In June 2019, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit granted the Justice Department's motion to lift the injunction blocking construction and found that the new permit mooted the prior Montana lawsuit. Reporters still fumbling numbers in wake of pipeline's rejection", "Keystone pipeline: How many jobs really at stake? When the Obama administration refused to grant the cross-border permit necessary to build TC Energys Keystone XL oil pipeline in November 2015, it struck a blow against polluting powers and acknowledged the consensus on this misguided project from a wide swath of communities, experts, and organizations. [174], Pipeline opponents warn of disruption of farms and ranches during construction,[176] and point to damage to water mains and sewage lines sustained during construction of an Enbridge crude oil pipeline in Michigan. [230][235] In April 2018, a federal investigation found that 408,000 US gallons (1,540m3) of crude had spilled at the site, almost twice what TransCanada had reported. Even worse, building Keystone XL would have meant enduring those risks just to send the fuel to our overseas rivalsand the profits to Big Oil. [79], In March 2019, Trump revoked the prior permit and himself directly issued a new permit for the pipeline. NRDC and its partners also found the majority of Keystone XL oil would have been sent to markets overseasaided by a 2015 reversal of a ban on crude oil exports. Mann drew attention to a Maclean's article sub-titled "we used to be friends"[147] about U.S./Canada relations after President Obama had "insulted Canada (yet again)" over the pipeline. On March 9, 2017, the Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Premier of Alberta Rachel Notley attended North America's largest energy conference CERAWeek in Houston, Texas. ), It would also have led to greater greenhouse gas emissionswhich, the latest scientific reports makes clear, we simply cant afford if were to avoid the most catastrophic climate impacts. The TransCanada Keystone XL pipeline is considered one of the toughest projects for organized labor. U.S. Coast Guard Petty Officer Second Class Lauren Jorgensen. If completed, the Keystone XL would have added 510,000 barrels (81,000m3) per day increasing the total capacity up to 1.1million barrels (170,000m3) per day. [228][229], In 2016, about 400 barrels (64m3) were released from the original Keystone pipe network via leaks, which federal investigators said resulted from a "weld anomaly". [43], In 2012, the US State Department estimated that the pipeline would create about 5,000 to 6,000 temporary jobs in the US during the two-year construction period, would increase gasoline availability to the Northeast and expand the Gulf refining industry. Dirty energy lobbyists claimed developing tar sands would protect our national energy security and bring U.S. fuel prices down. Cindy S. Woods, The Great Sioux Nation V. The Black Snake: Native American Rights and the Keystone XL Pipeline. Despite TransCanadas actions, many Indigenous nations oppose the Keystone pipeline has been down. Now runs between Cushing, Oklahoma, and organizations working on climate change strongly oppose this.! Directly issued a new permit for the Keystone pipeline, heres the truth! Than a serious policy matter than a serious policy matter and Nebraska the key the., once the oil starts reaching the international market, it will ultimately cause a price in! 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