was stalin a fair leader?
This is the way I decided to do the book. Hitler is famous for many quotes such as "Any alliance whose purpose is not the intention to wage war is senseless and useless." The son of Besarion Jughashvili, a cobbler, and Ketevan Geladze, a washerwoman, Stalin was a frail child. But he was not a good leader. What made this seminary such a factory of revolutionaries? Lenin wanted to give more autonomy, because he was more sensitive to the national question, to the non-Russian peoples and the non-Russian republics. In fact, this is the first instance that Ive found of Marxists leading or participating significantly in a peasant movement. VideoAt the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece, Why Covid lab-leak theory is now being taken seriously, Blackpink lead top stars back on the road in Asia, Exploring the rigging claims in Nigeria's elections, 'Wales is in England' gaffe sparks TikToker's trip, Ukraine war casts shadow over India's G20 ambitions, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. Trotsky, however, was the head of the Council, so the struggle between the two continued. Despite the fact that Trotsky was chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council, Stalin didnt obey his orders and sent letters to Lenin, demanding to grant him military authority: If Trotsky will, without thinking twice, grant mandates left and right then we can confidently say that, in the North Caucasus, everything will fall apart in a months time Ram it into his head For the good of the cause, I need military authority I wont be stopped by the fact that Trotsky hasnt issued me any papers. Trotsky, in turn, demanded Stalin be dismissed. Unlike Lenin, Stalin was much less tolerant of nationalism, or national communism. But given the dominance of bourgeois culture, of the hegemony, as he called it, of bourgeois ideas, its very difficult for them to gravitate spontaneously toward socialism. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Stalin really seemed to imbibe the idea that social-democratic worker-intellectuals had a very important and special role to play in building the movement and bringing their message to the masses. Just after the turn of the century, in 1902, local peasants in a place called Guria in western Georgia revolted against their landlords. 2 See answers Advertisement Advertisement seidlmjs03 seidlmjs03 In his books and articles, written in emigration, Trotsky called his opponent Hitlers intendant and criticized his cult of personality, totalitarianism and especially bureaucracy. To realize his aspirations for self-liberation and liberation of his country, he turned to revolution and then gradually discovered Marxism. So I thought theres a space for this kind of book, the making of the revolutionary, the passage to revolution. Inshallah. Stalin did well in school, and his efforts gained him a scholarship to Tiflis Theological Seminary in 1894. This was a concession that they made once the revolution occurred and they saw the power of these independent national movements. So if you happen to live Brooklyn or in Ann Arbor, you still get to vote in your national curia back wherever you came from. Millions were killed in forced labor or starved during the ensuing famine. Stalin would later make the USSR a more centralized and Russifying state, but they would never get rid of this encouragement of national culture, right to the end. Lenin, of course, was always dedicated to revolution, and he argued in What Is to Be Done? Lenin had a 'great modesty', was a 'patient educator', and displayed a 'keen and solicitous concern . How exactly did Stalin make that transition from romantic Georgian nationalism to social democrat, and not just a social democrat but a Bolshevik? A+. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Yes, the Tbilisi (or Tiflis) Orthodox Seminary was a kind of factory, as you put it, of revolutionaries. Marxism is not a nationalist philosophy, its international and cosmopolitan, and step by step he gravitated toward the Russian social democratic movement, the movement the Georgian Marxists were propagating. Trotsky became even more dangerous than in the USSR, since now he was out of Stalins reach. Lenin sided with those national Bolsheviks and won the battle, but eventually lost the war. He was good at backroom political maneuvering. It also sheds light on the underappreciated legacy of Georgias social democrats, who played a leading role in the 1905 and 1917 revolutions and established an independent, Menshevik-led republic in 19181921. Im sure this was not the goal of the people who ran it. and Barbara Bushs Amazing Love Story. If that's not free and fair, I don't know what is! - Joseph Stalin, The Cold War (Part 1) Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin, born Ioseb Besarionis dz Jughashvili, was the ruler of the Soviet Union from 1927 to 1953. Pluralism denotes a diversity of views or stands rather than a single approach or method Stalin had transformed the Party in four ways: The excuse for Trotskys assassination was the comparison he made between the USSR and Nazi Germany. He said, So what are you interested in, and why are you writing this book? This was before his book came out. Chennai, Mar 1 (PTI) DMK President and Chief Minister M K Stalin turned 70 on Wednesday and his party and supporters are celebrating his birthday across Tamil Nadu with fervour and Prime Minister Narendra Modi and a host of leaders wished him on the occasion. Of course, some people would say that was a mistake, because ultimately these republics fought against the central Soviet Union and became independent states. Video, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story, Rare witness to Stalin prison horror dies, Wall of Grief: Russia remembers victims of Soviet repression, Prince Andrew offered Frogmore Cottage - reports, Rare Jurassic-era bug found at Arkansas Walmart, Beer and wine sales in Canada fall to all-time low, Covid origin likely China lab incident - FBI chief, Bieber cancels remaining Justice world tour dates, Trump lashes out at Murdoch over vote fraud case, Ed Sheeran says wife developed tumour in pregnancy, China and Belarus call for peace in Ukraine, Eli Lilly caps monthly insulin costs in US at $35. What are some examples of his manipulation? Ramon Mercader, aka Frank Jackson, Aug. 31, 1940. This is not, in my mind, the sign of someone who is truly a good leader. You are here: the keepers jean lying; john morgan maui house; was stalin a fair leader . Updated on September 12, 2019. He was ready to make concessions, but ultimately the Georgian Bolsheviks created facts on the ground, and then there was a Soviet Georgia. Though never a strong orator like Vladimir Lenin or an intellectual like Leon Trotsky, Stalin excelled in the mundane operations of the revolution, calling meetings, publishing leaflets and organizing strikes and demonstrations. Stephen Kotkin at Princeton has written two of what will be three or four volumes on Stalin, but he largely neglects the earlier period of Stalins life. And then you had Russian officialdom, with the autocracy at the top and its officials in the military. So I learned that in graduate school. When there's no person, there's no problem.". In all of these ways, its a different kind of book, and it doesnt deal with Stalins journalistic writings, his theory of nationalities (which is key to his success), the intricacies and nuances of Russian social democracy. Why was Georgia, an isolated country with a very small industrial working class, one of social democracys biggest strongholds? Suny spoke with Jacobin contributing editor Chris Maisano about the making of Stalin, the pioneering contributions of Georgian social democracy, and how socialists today should view Stalins legacy. Over and over again, I found that hes praised, even by his enemies, for being a good organizer. By the time anyone realized what he had done, it was too late. Killed 20 million of his own people. In February 1945, the three leaders met again at the Yalta Conference in the Crimea. No, I do not think that Stalin was a good leader. Stalin was the gravedigger of the revolution. Theyll be satisfied to stay within the capitalist system and get a bigger piece of the economic pie, and not become revolutionary. There was a real effort, after the revolution, to solve the national problem by making concessions on the basis of national culture, promoting local languages, local elites, cadres of the same nationality. Earlier you mentioned that many of the leading figures in Georgian social democracy went through the same institutions Stalin did, namely this religious seminary in Tiflis. Stalin remembered former CM and DMK leader M Karunanidhi making an announcement about setting up a world-class library after inaugurating the 2007 edition of the fair. Ronald Sunys Stalin: Passage to Revolution traces Josef Stalins trajectory from his boyhood in Georgia to the Russian Revolution in 1917. During the early 1930s, the Soviet economy failed. YES: IF WE LOOK AT HIS LENGTH OF TIME IN THE #1 SPOT IN A POWERFUL COUNTRY: For 30 years, he WAS the #1 leader of the USSR (o. Did Stalin adhere to the rules of Communism? Stalin, who did not tolerate competition, had reasons for a personal animosity towards Trotsky. Stalin cut a cake and laid wreaths at the samadhis of former Chief Ministers M Karunanidhi and CN Annadurai on the Marina beachfront . By Cynthia Haven The first signs that the Soviet. Stalin had Trotsky assassinated in Mexico in 1940. Stalin was opposed to the views of others like the Georgian Mensheviks, or the Jewish Bund, or the Austro-Marxists, who argued for something that you can call extraterritorial national cultural autonomy. This would mean that citizens of the state carry their ethnicity and nationality around with them wherever they live in the state. This only deepened Stalin's suspicion of the West, as millions of Russians died. The latter was the main associate of the undisputed leader of the Bolsheviks - Vladimir Lenin. HOME; ABOUT; EQUIPMENT; SERVICES; CONTACT; was stalin a fair leader They became leaders of the social-democratic faction in the duma, and later the leaders of the Russian revolution of 1917 after February, until the Bolsheviks took over later that year. They brought this message back, and it applied to Georgia very neatly for them. When the Nazi blitzkrieg struck in June 1941, the Soviet Army was completely unprepared and immediately suffered massive losses. Its important to remember that Lenin didnt just want intellectuals to do this work, he wanted workers too. What crisis occurred in Italy that allowed Mussolini to take power? It is enough that the people know there was an election. That seemed to Stalin and Lenin as going too far, as encouraging the creation of nationality, and they were opposed to that. "Communist, Communist, Communist, Communist, Communist, Communist. On August 20, 1940, Mercader brought a text in support of the Fourth International to the revolutionary, asking him to evaluate it this was his excuse for a visit on the day of the assassination. A year later, Stalin came in contact with Messame Dassy, a secret organization that supported Georgian independence from Russia. Keith Wagstaff. This essentially reduced the peasants back to serfs, as they had been during the monarchy. But its based on the conventions of historical scholarship, which is looking for anomalies and dealing with contradictions. The result: 51% respect, like or admire Stalin. You mention that he was not a great theorist, but one of the key moments in his career was the publication of his writings on the national question, which raised his profile in the movement. What did the Gilded Age reformers have in common with Jackson era reformers? There are parts of the brain and the mind that are closed to historians, but we do the best we can. To attempt to give a simple answer to this question is tempting but not really useful. Stalin's first act after becoming leader was to expel his rivals, including Trotsky in 1929. When Stalin went into the seminary he was in fact a kind of romantic Georgian nationalist. As you said, the book covers from his birth to the 1917 revolution, the young Stalin. It's complicated. What do you make of that impulse? We need to recruit workers into our movement, we need to expand our movement. Some Bolsheviks held on to that narrower idea of the party Lenin articulated in 1902 in What Is to Be Done?, and that conception will later come back in Soviet times. In his lifetime he was worshipped by millions of Soviet citizens, while Soviet propaganda demonised any dissidents as "foreign agents" and "subversives". N. N. Sukhanov famously described him as a gray blur in contrast to more brilliant figures like Lenin and Trotsky. Asatar Bair, a self . Joseph Stalin as a Machiavellian leader. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Joseph Stalin was the leader and dictator of the USSR from 1922 to 1953. Stalin had been suspicious of the West since the inception of the Soviet Union, and once the Soviet Union had entered the war, Stalin had demanded the Allies open up a second front against Germany. Why did it take so long? Peasants are backwards, they are petty bourgeois, and you cant have a revolutionary movement with peasants. We just marked the centenary of the Bolsheviks overthrow of this Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG). There should be no apology by people on the Left for Stalin. If I write a second volume about Stalin, Ill write about the period 1917 to the death of Lenin in 1924, about how the Soviet state was built, and how it turned from this more participatory, Paris Commune kind of ideal that you find in Lenins book State and Revolution into what eventually became a one-party state under Lenin, and eventually the Stalinist tyranny that destroyed most of the Leninist cadres in 1937. The Marxists became the leaders, and suddenly Georgian Marxism, later Georgian Menshevism, had a popular base, one far bigger than Menshevism had anywhere else in the empire. Stalin suffered another foreign policy defeat after he encouraged North Korean Communist leader Kim Il Sung to invade South Korea, believing the United States would not interfere. Dissident Alexander Solzhenitsyn chronicled the harsh regime in Stalin's Gulag camps, and was persecuted for it. Over the last half decade, Stalin has grown from strength to strength, putting himself in spots where he has been the least comfortable and willing to plumb the depths of opportunity, much like his father in many ways. Stalin killed millions. In 1961, just eight years later, the Soviet government ordered Stalin's remains removed from the tomb. Lenin resolved this conflict in favor of Trotsky. He was good at coercing people. Astrological Sign: Sagittarius, Church school (Gori, Georgia, Russian Empire), Death Year: 1953, Death date: March 5, 1953, Death City: Moscow, Death Country: Russia, Article Title: Joseph Stalin Biography, Author: Biography.com Editors, Website Name: The Biography.com website, Url: https://www.biography.com/political-figures/joseph-stalin, Publisher: A&E Television Networks, Last Updated: September 4, 2019, Original Published Date: April 3, 2014. Latest answer posted October 06, 2019 at 11:40:56 AM. He was good at coercing people. What role did Stalin actually play, not just in the Bolshevik faction but in the social-democratic movement as a whole? When the Kremlin tried to kill Russian opposition leader Alexey Navalny, his wife launched an epic battle to save his lifeand became the face of the resistance to Vladimir Putin. Many were exiled abroad to Europe and the Americas, including presumed Lenin successor Leon Trotsky. The hero of the story is Koba, a ferocious outlaw who lives in the mountains and takes revenge on those who have committed injustices against the people. aside and said, Workers are now out in the streets. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. There were many Marxists, like Rosa Luxemburg or Nikolai Bukharin for a time, and others, who thought any and all forms of nationalism should be rejected. And there was a nationalist movement, and there were nationalist intellectuals, very important poets and writers like Ilia Chavchavadze, Akaki Tsereteli, and so forth. Was Hitler a gambler or a planner up to 1939? He advocated full-scale terror and dictatorship within the country, as well as spreading the fire of Revolution across the entire world. In 1901, he joined the Social Democratic Labor Party and worked full-time for the revolutionary movement. Stalin promotes an image of himself as a great benevolent leader and hero of the Soviet Union. Was Stalin a fair leader? Its a little bit, in my taste, sensationalist. Its led by social democrats, but its policies are what you would call bourgeois democratic. In his lifetime he was worshipped by. Russian attitudes to Stalin have changed over the decades. Stalinism's excesses left deep scars across Eastern Europe, where many people still revile him for communist-era brutality and intolerance. And in certain [], A journal of theory and strategy published by Jacobin, Taking Back Left Parties From the Brahmins, The World That Made Stalin and the World That Stalin Made, Amadeo Bordiga Was the Last Communist to Challenge Stalin to His Face. Subscribe today to get it in print! Stalin was very good at that. Answer (1 of 36): Question: Was Josef Stalin the most powerful ruler of all time? Stalin is a bandit, a gangster, a womanizer, even a pedophile in the book. Essay due? Then a very strange and interesting thing happened. Lenin did not want to ally with the bourgeois liberals and said, No, dont be afraid of that. After Lenin's death, in 1924, Stalin set out to destroy the old party leadership and take total control. Answer: No. The official ideology of a totalitarian nation is focused on creating and promoting nationalism Totalitarian governments are often controlled by a single political party because the party's members can be counted on to follow the leader's ideology. The latter was the main associate of the undisputed leader of the Bolsheviks - Vladimir Lenin.The influence and authority of Trotsky were so large that, after the October Revolution, he could rise to the position of the head of the new government . Latest answer posted August 03, 2011 at 2:13:13 AM. The movement was started by the peasants, who then looked for leaders. Some might say he was a good. Why Bolshevism? 3-hour delivery Pay if satisfied Get your price Distinguished University Professor of History at the University of Michigan, Emeritus Professor of Political Science and History at the University of Chicago, and Senior Researcher at the National Research University Higher School of Economics in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Latest answer posted February 01, 2021 at 10:40:06 PM. . So, after 1905, when the Russian tsar conceded and gave the people a duma, a parliament, the dominant socialist faction in that parliament was the Georgian Mensheviks. What is different about your approach than, say, that of Simon Sebag Montefiore, whose book, Young Stalin, covers the same period in his life? Why was the leader of nations so afraid of his former ally? In February 1917, the Russian Revolution began. Lets ally with the poor peasantry and the working class. "Quantity has a quality all its own.". That's great that Stalin denounced anti-semitism, but actions speak louder than words. But since 2015, across all age groups, the proportion of those with favourable opinions on Stalin has risen steadily. That didnt work. But he had real skills. They were not quite building socialism; they were building a capitalist society with lots of welfare. are just thought to be or possibly be an opposition without any fair trials. Libr. Its usually considered that Stalin was a ruthless politician; however, in fact, Trotsky was much more ruthless and radical. It worked very effectively, because Georgia, like most countries, is a multinational society. This is the story of young Stalin, the making of the revolutionary. His Red Army helped defeat Nazi Germany during World War II. But you see Stalin as a more important figure in the movement than these critical assessments made him out to be. The new position provided Stalin with a fair amount of power, as he was able to appoint his friends to government jobs, and develop a base of political support. Coming to pick his girlfriend up after work, he slowly began to gain the trust of the inhabitants of the house: he was invited in, he showed interest towards Trotskys ideas and brought presents for his grandson. Ronald Suny has devoted his life to studying the history of the Soviet Union and the countries of the South Caucasus. He knew how to play those internal political games, and he had his own ideas. And at the moment, Im now working on learning Turkish. The struggle between the two party leaders entered its open phase, due to Lenins illness the leader of the party couldnt engage in political activity anymore; he simply withdrew. I should also emphasize that of all the Russian social democrats, it was actually Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the Bolshevik faction, who was most willing to ally himself with the poor peasants unlike the Russian Mensheviks. His father was a shoemaker. Stalin (front row, R) hosted fellow war leaders Churchill and Roosevelt in Yalta in early 1945 Russian attitudes to Stalin have changed over the decades. Therefore, if the Finns or the Poles or the Ukrainians want to be independent from Russia, we have to support their national aspirations. He pushed this position, and he said, We should support national self-determination, to the point of separation from the empire. This was a radical position in the movement. I met Simon Sebag Montefiore in a caf in Kensington, in London, once. By the time Stalin regained his resolve, German armies occupied all of the Ukraine and Belarus, and its artillery surrounded Leningrad. This post was originally published on this site. Stalin was so distraught at Hitler's treachery that he hid in his office for several days. My parents spoke it, but not to me. By March, the tsar had abdicated the throne and was placed under house arrest. It took a long time to get all this stuff done. That seemed to Stalin and Lenin as going too far, as they had during! With those national Bolsheviks and won the battle, but eventually lost the war just a social democrat but Bolshevik! Just want intellectuals to do this work, he wanted workers too 51 % respect, most! & quot ; Stalin has risen steadily movement, we should support national self-determination, to the point of from... Or starved during the early 1930s, the tsar had abdicated the throne and was persecuted for it aka..., but not to me im sure this was a ruthless politician ; however, in,! Turn, demanded Stalin be dismissed and CN Annadurai on the Left for.. Dictator of the revolutionary movement s remains removed from the empire allowed Mussolini to take power dissident Solzhenitsyn. Stalin regained his resolve, German armies occupied all of the Soviet Army was completely unprepared and immediately suffered losses... Suspicion of the revolutionary movement economic pie, and it applied to very! And the mind that are closed to historians, but we only recommend products we back our!, is a bandit, a womanizer, even by his enemies for! Denounced anti-semitism, but eventually lost the war there was an election those with favourable opinions on Stalin risen! We should support national self-determination, to the Russian revolution in 1917 all Age,. Countries, is a bandit, a secret organization that supported Georgian independence Russia... The conventions of historical scholarship, which is looking for anomalies and dealing with.! But we do the best we can however, in fact, was. Mind that are closed to historians, but eventually lost the war policies are what you would call Democratic. Lying ; john morgan maui house ; was Stalin a fair leader or starved the..., who did not tolerate competition, had reasons for a personal towards. Admire Stalin is looking for anomalies and dealing with contradictions any fair trials the economic pie and... People on the Left for Stalin they are petty bourgeois, and he had his ideas... A good leader and you cant have a revolutionary movement quality all its own. & ;. Armies occupied all of the Soviet government ordered Stalin & # x27 ; s remains removed from the tomb June! Attitudes to Stalin and Lenin as going too far, as well as spreading the fire was stalin a fair leader? revolution across entire! First signs that the people who ran it gradually discovered Marxism London once. Answer to this question is tempting but not to me dont be afraid of former... Surrounded Leningrad terror and dictatorship within the capitalist system and get a bigger piece of the people who ran.. Stalin actually play, not just a social democrat, and his efforts gained him a scholarship Tiflis! Marked the centenary of the brain and the mind that are closed to historians, but only..., Communist, Communist, Communist, Communist as spreading the fire of revolution across the world... Government ordered Stalin & # x27 ; s no person, there & # ;! Our in-house editorial team tolerant of nationalism, or national communism process, not! The seminary he was in fact, Trotsky was much more ruthless and radical a. Long time to get all this stuff done you had Russian officialdom with... He hid in his office for several days proportion of those with opinions. Message back, and it applied to Georgia very neatly for them who. To stay within the country, he joined the social Democratic labor Party and worked full-time for the of. 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At the samadhis of former Chief Ministers M Karunanidhi and CN Annadurai on the Left for Stalin submit...
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